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Given the general exercise of negotiation fatigue53 in a mature contract system54, the results are consistent with other studies that believe that conventional bodies are increasingly interested in « thickening » their initial objectives and obligations; adapt interpretations and adaptations of commitments in response to their subsidiary bodies, i.e. scientific and technical consultants; Such sectoral fragmentation, which is also documented in empirical analysis, has been discussed by many scientists in the development of policy frameworks, all of which have the effect of creating more and more clusters of self-referential agreements55. Some fear that sectoral fragmentation could threaten the integrity of international law, by creating legal and doctrinal inconsistencies56 Others point to normative conflicts resulting from fragmentation and point out that not only treaties, but also the decisions of conventional bodies can conflict.57 Martti Koskenniemi considers that sectoral fragmentation is linked to the increasing distortion of international law58. , instead of « clear guidelines of conduct that allow negotiations to continue long after the formal entry into force of the treaty. » 59 The increasingly self-referential nature of multilateral environmental agreements that we have observed undermines the multidimensional and transsectorial nature of environmental problems in this perspective.60 As a result, institutional isolation could create less effective global institutions by trying to manage complex interconnected systems.61 More effective integration of environmental policy would, however, require environmental contracts to take more account of the complexities and interdependencies within ecosystems. In the case of multilateral environmental agreements, this would mean better identifying overlapping issues between regimes and developing better strategies for inter-institutional cooperation and coordination. In addition, the main light reference agreements have also been grouped according to general environmental themes according to the structure of the situation plan. The IEA website is constantly being reviewed and updated. During 2017, a comprehensive review was initiated by numerous bilateral agreements and a complete update of the accession measures of all MEAs and a large number of BEAs. The current content includes more than 1,300 MEAs, more than 2,200 BEAs, 250 other environmental agreements and more than 90,000 « accession actions » (signature, ratification or entry into force; Press releases here). A big thank you to Jorg Balsiger and Lorris Germann of the University of Geneva, who identified more than 650 BEAs and laid the groundwork for the IEADB to become a comprehensive list of bilateral and multilateral environmental agreements. Here is a list of AEMs after ten years.

While it is still too early to assess the impact of the Sustainable Development Goals on the integration force of multilateral agreements on the environment that we are examining, it is remarkable that a number of multilateral environmental agreements have already begun to define the goals as a series of high-level global priorities to which their specific policies and measures should contribute. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora has called for cooperation, cooperation and synergy between the Convention and the 2030 agenda.75 The water agreement stressed the need for enhanced cross-sector and cross-border cooperation in the implementation of the 2030 programme and sustainable development goals.76 It is more important that multilateral environmental agreements use the objectives sustainable development to motivate or justify the different links with sustainability issues.